The Uganda Food Consumption Survey was undertaken to provide the critical body of evidence that policy makers and program designers need to make informed decisions about effective investments to reduce deficiencies of vitamins and minerals in Uganda. The survey itself was carried out in one urban and two rural regions of Uganda in 2008, to more fully characterize the dietary patterns of children 24-59 months of age and women of reproductive age (15-49 years). Food consumption was measured using the 24-hour recall method with duplicate measurements on a subset of the sample to allow estimation of usual intake.